The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal design parameters and to indicate which of the design parameters are\nstatistically significant for obtaining a low coefficient of friction (COF) and low wear rate with waste palm oil blended with SAE 40.\nThe tribology performance was evaluated using a piston-ring-liner contact tester.The design of experiment (DOE) was constructed\nby using response surface methodology (RSM) to minimize the number of experimental conditions and to develop a mathematical\nmodel between the key process parameters such as rotational speeds (200 rpm to 300 rpm), volume concentration (0% to 10%\nwaste oil), and applied loads (2 kg to 9 kg). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was also carried out to check the adequacy of the\nempirical models developed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the damage features at the worn surface\nunder lubricant contact conditions.
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